| Digestion summary
When we eat, the food must get to the cells, because
the energy and building blocks contained in the food will be used in
the cells (not in the stomach). The mouth, stomach and
intestines use mechanical digestion and chemical digestion to break
down food into particles small enough to enter the cells.
After the molecules of food have been broken down in the stomach and
intestines, these molecules diffuse through the walls of the villi
lining the small intestine into the capillaries which surround the
villi. At this point, the digestive system connects with the
circulatory system. The capillaries that have absorbed food
molecules lead to larger blood vessels called veins which lead back
to the heart. From there, this food-rich blood is pumped
through arteries to cells in all parts of the body. The
arteries branch into smaller and smaller vessels until they become
microscopic capillaries. From the capillaries, the food
molecules diffuse into the cells that they touch to act as fuel and
building blocks in the life of the cell.
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